Breast Cancer Awareness Month 2024

Breast Cancer Awareness Month, also known as National Breast Cancer Awareness Month in the United States, is an annual international health campaign organized by major breast cancer charities. The campaign aims to promote the screening and prevention of breast cancer, a disease that affects approximately 2.3 million women globally, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. In Nigeria, it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, accounting for about 23% of all cancer cases and approximately 18% of cancer deaths.

Reasons for Raising Awareness

One of our objectives during this month is to encourage regular screenings and self-examinations as part of a global effort to combat breast cancer. By educating the public on how to perform self-exams and the importance of mammograms, we empower individuals to take charge of their health and seek medical attention when necessary. Another reason for raising awareness is to inform the public about the risk factors associated with breast cancer. For example, the risk of breast cancer increases with age; therefore, women are encouraged to undergo screenings and tests by age 40. Additionally, it is important to highlight that men can also develop breast cancer. Factors such as radiation exposure, high levels of estrogen, and a family history of breast cancer can increase a man’s risk of the disease.

Signs and Symptoms

Common signs and symptoms of breast cancer may include:

• A lump or mass in the breast or underarm area.
• Changes in the size or shape of the breast.
• Changes in the skin over the breast, such as dimpling or irritation.
• Nipple discharge, particularly if it is bloody or occurs without squeezing.

Causes of breast cancer

While the exact cause of breast cancer remains unknown, certain factors may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These include genetic predisposition, hormonal influences, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors.

Who is at Risk?

• Women aged 40 and older are at a higher risk.
• Individuals with a family history of breast cancer.
• Those who have had previous radiation exposure to the chest area.
• Men, while at lower risk than women, can also develop breast cancer.

Prevention and Seeking Help

Although the precise causes of breast cancer are still being studied, early detection increases the chances of successful treatment and recovery. Health professionals recommend that individuals:

• Regularly perform self-examinations and attend scheduled mammograms.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle by exercising regularly and avoiding smoking.
• Seek medical advice if they notice any unusual changes in their breasts or experience any symptoms.

By raising awareness during Breast Cancer Awareness Month, we can promote a proactive approach to health and encourage early detection and prevention. Together, we can make a difference in the fight against breast cancer.